Borobudur is a Buddhist temple located at Borobudur, Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia. The location of the temple is approximately 100 km southwest of Semarang, 86 miles to the west of Surakarta, and 40 km northwest of Yogyakarta. Stupa temple was founded by the Mahayana Buddhists around the year 800 AD during the early reign of the Sailendra dynasty. Borobudur is the largest Buddhist temple or shrine in the world, and one of the largest Buddhist monument in the world.
The monument comprises six square-shaped terrace upon which there are three circular courtyard, the walls decorated with 2,672 relief panels and 504 statues Buddha.Borobudur originally present has the most complete collection of Buddhist reliefs in the world and. The main stupa in the middle of the biggest teletak well as crowning the building, surrounded by three rows of 72 circular perforated stupas in which there is a statue of Buddha sitting cross-legged in the lotus position perfectly with the mudra (hand position) Dharmachakra mudra (turning the wheel of dharma).
This monument is a model of the universe and built as a shrine to honor the Buddha also functions as a place of pilgrimage to guide mankind to switch from natural lust to enlightenment and wisdom according to the teachings of Buddha. The pilgrims enter through the east side starting at the base of the temple ritual by walking this sacred building circling clockwise, while continuing to go up to the next steps through the three levels of the realm in Buddhist cosmology. The third level is Kamadhatu (the realm of lust), Rupadhatu (tangible realm), and Arupadhatu (intangible realm). In this journey of pilgrims walking through a series of hallways and stairs with no less than 1,460 watched the beautiful relief panels carved on the wall and balustrade.
According to historical evidence, Borobudur was abandoned in the 14th century as the weakening of the influence of Hindu and Buddhist kingdoms in Java and started the influence of Islam. The world began to realize the existence of this building since it was discovered in 1814 by Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles, who was then serving as Governor-General of British over Java. Since then it has undergone a series of Borobudur rescue and restoration efforts. Largest restoration project was held in the period 1975 to 1982 over the efforts of the Government of the Republic of Indonesia and UNESCO, then these historical sites included in the list of World Heritage Sites.
Borobudur is still used as a place of religious pilgrimage; each year Buddhists who come from all over Indonesia and abroad gather at Borobudur to commemorate Vesak Trisuci. In the world of tourism, tourism Borobudur is Indonesia's single most visited tourist.
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